caveman/cavewoman

cave dweller, early/ancient human, Neanderthal, Cro-Magnon. Plural: cave people. The use of "cavemen" as a pseudogeneric and the cartoon image of a cavewoman being dragged away by her hair have obscured women's position in prehistory: researchers now say that, contrary to common assumptions, female and male roles were often balanced more than currently, and it was women who were probably responsible for making tools and pottery and for such major technological innovations as agriculture and textiles.